(1975). Mexican Migration and the U.S. Labor Market: A Mounting Issue for the Seventies. Studies in Human Resource Development No. 3.
From 1939 to 1973, nine million persons immigrated to the United States from "all of the countries of the world". During that same period more than seven million illegal Mexican aliens were apprehended and deported to Mexico. Most of these illegal aliens enter the U.S. economy as workers, whereas almost half of the legal Mexican immigrants are dependents. The movement of Mexicans to the U.S. has been the combined result of both "pull" and "push" forces. The "pull" forces are the obvious difference between the economies of the U.S. and Mexico, the cultural affinity existing between many Mexicans and Mexican Americans, the migration policy of the U.S. toward Mexico, the anomaly of the current state of the law in the U.S. with respect to the employment of illegal aliens, and the lure of what is perceived to be a "promised land". "Push" forces include the incidence of poverty throughout Mexico, the strong trend throughout…
(1985). Population Change and California's Future.
This report examines how demographic changes, particularly in immigration and fertility, have affected and will continue to affect every segment of California's population. Three points are emphasized in the report: the number and type of Californians in future years, the size and composition of the labor force and the related issues resulting from changes in population size, and the changes in the social and cultural environment that may also be affected by demographic shifts. Population projections are developed to illustrate these emerging phenomena and what they will mean for schools, the labor force, retirement, and the culture of California. It is argued that, as a result of continued very low fertility and high levels of immigration, California is both aging and becoming increasingly heterogeneous in its composition. Chapters 1-4 discuss the past, present and future population of California; the regional distribution of the population; and the changing age composition….
(1985). International Students in the United States: A Guide for Secondary School Administrators.
A secondary school principals' reference guide provides information on key issues concerning foreign students in the United States both in organized exchange programs and under sponsorship of relatives and friends. The topics discussed include: elements in promoting successful youth exchange programs; admissions and academic placement (initial information to be obtained, evaluation of credentials, grade placement, and English language proficiency); guidance and counseling (registration, school and community orientation, using foreign students as educational resources, common counseling needs, and relevant U.S. immigration regulations and procedures); and profiles of the educational systems and cultures of Canada, West Germany, France, Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom. Appended materials include United States Information Agency criteria for teenager exchange visitor programs; a list of state consumer protection offices; sample forms to assist in the evaluation of foreign…
(1995). Understanding and Working with Parents and Children from Rural Mexico: What Professionals Need To Know about Child-Rearing Practices, the School Experience, and Health Care Concerns.
Mexicans are the largest group of immigrants to the United States, and approximately 60-70 percent of this group comes from rural areas. This book challenges Anglo professionals in health care, education, and child care to learn more about families from rural Mexico and to incorporate this knowledge into their work. The book's content is based upon in-depth interviews with 27 Latino professionals; their direct quotes are combined into detailed descriptions of family beliefs and practices. Part I covers life in Mexico, attitudes about the United States, the frightening and sometimes dangerous experience of immigration, initial adjustments, housing, encountering prejudice and stereotypes, Latino values, the role of the Catholic church, and family structure. Part II focuses on the beginning years as a family, including attitudes toward marriage, having children, family planning, pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum care, early infant care, baptism, machismo and sex roles, and parent…
(2015). Quality, Social Justice and Accountability in Education Worldwide. BCES Conference Books, Volume 13. Number 1. Bulgarian Comparative Education Society
The Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society is now running in its thirteenth year. From its modest beginnings thirteen years ago, to its impressive size today, a tradition has been the production of a conference book, consistently launched on the first day of the conference each year. This year, Volume 13 of BCES Conference Books is published in 2 parts. Number 1 of the volume contains papers submitted to the XIII Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES), held in Sofia, Bulgaria, 10-13 June 2015. Number 2 of the volume includes papers submitted to the III International Partner Conference of the International Research Centre (IRC) "Scientific cooperation," Rostov-on-Don, Russia. Such a partner conference has been organized as part of the BCES Conferences for the past three years. The XIII BCES Conference theme is Quality, Social Justice and Accountability in Education Worldwide. The book… [PDF]
(1989). Hispanics in U.S. History. Volume 1: Through 1865. Volume 2: 1865 to the Present. The Newcomers Series.
Each of these two textbooks on Hispanic-American history contains 4 units divided into 20 chapters. Each chapter includes an overarching question; text; reading comprehension questions; study tips; an activity involving geography skills, links between past and present, or daily life; an activity involving arts and technology or using primary sources; a short biography; and questions for critical thinking. Volume 1 units cover: (1) Spain and the New World, Spanish explorers in North America, conquest of Mexico and Peru, and Spanish colonies; (2) the settlement of La Florida, New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, and California; (3) Spanish gain and loss of Louisiana, 18th-century Spanish explorers, Spanish heroes in the American Revolution, and daily life in Spanish America; and (4) U.S. acquisition of Florida, independence of Mexico, independence of Texas, the Mexican War, and Hispanics in the Civil War. Volume 2 units cover: (1) post-Civil War, the Spanish-American War, Hispanic immigration,…
(1977). Mexico and California: 1900-1920. Project Mexico.
This document is an outline for a module which can be inserted, in whole or in part, in community college courses on California and/or Southwest United States history, Mexican-American or Chicano history, Mexican history, and United States history. The module examines the close ties–political, economic, and social–between Mexico and California during an historical period that was crucial in shaping the later patterns of development in each. Focus of the module is primarily on the Mexican immigration to California and the factors surrounding that migration. Goals of the module, topics for lecture/discussion in each of the module's units, and suggested readings for students and background readings for instructors for each unit are included. A bibliography is appended. (JDS)…
(1988). Immigration and the Low-Cost Housing Shortage: The Los Angeles Area's Experience.
Rising housing costs, increased homelessness, and the debate over illegal immigrants residing in publically assisted housing have renewed media and public interest in immigration's contribution to the Los Angeles, California area's problems of scarce low-cost housing, homelessness, and housing code violations. Recent data suggest that immigrants are disproportionately both the victims of and contributors to the housing crisis, although the problems are also aggravated by commercial conversion of low-cost housing, stagnating federal aid, and diminished tax and loan incentives. As the Los Angeles percentage of poverty-level residents has risen, the area's low-cost housing has become more scarce and increasingly costly. Mexico's and Latin America's problems continue to encourage an increase of immigrants, whose powerlessness has allowed unscrupulous landlords to rent properties to them that violate codes of safety and zoning. Suggestions for improvements include: (1) increased… [PDF]
(1985). Mexican Immigration to Southern California: Issues of Job Competition and Worker Mobility. Impacts of Immigration in California.
Characteristics that would tend to place Mexican immigrants in direct competition with native workers for jobs at the bottom of the wage and skill hierarchy are their numbers, their largely undocumented status, low education and skill levels, and poor English-speaking ability. Using regression analysis, 1980 Census data were analyzed to determine whether concentrations of Hispanics in the labor market increased unemployment in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Analyses found no evidence of an immigration-induced increase in unemployment, even with Los Angeles' high concentration of undocumented Mexican immigrants. Significantly, Black workers, who potentially may be the group most seriously affected by a surge of low-wage immigrants, showed a general upgrading in their occupational status. There were indications, however, that this immigration may have altered the pattern of internal migration to the region. Evidence suggested that the rate of low-wage workers migrating to…
(1974). Tejanos, Chicanos & Mexicanos: A Partially Annotated Historical Bibliography for Texas Public School Teachers.
Intended for classroom teachers on the secondary level, the historical bibliography cites 581 publications which can be obtained from bookstores, public and university libraries, and through inter-library loans. Although the materials, published between 1899 and 1973, stress Texas themes, material on the greater Southwest and the nation is included. The materials are divided into 10 sections. The first two sections consider reference works and general studies. Sections three through nine are devoted to the following chronological periods: the period before the white man came to Mexico and Texas; 1519-1821; 1821-1836; 1837-1848; 1848-1920; 1920-1945; and 1945 to the present. The concluding section is a catch-all which presents sociological and literary works, as well as classroom aids. Each section includes an introduction which conveys some general knowledge of the period and its significance. Entries are numbered and, in most cases, annotated; volumes available in paperback form… [PDF]
(1986). Illegal Immigration and the Colonization of the American Labor Market. Center for Immigration Studies Paper 1.
This paper finds that the ready availability of illegal-immigrant workers from Mexico in major industries in the Southwest region of the United States is having far-reaching and often unanticipated consequences for patterns of investment, employment, and business competition. It reviews the displacement of U.S. workers by illegal immigrants in agriculture, food processing, services, and construction, and analyzes the processes of ethnic recruitment networks and subcontracting that lead ultimately to the exclusion of U.S. English-speaking citizens and legal residents from many work places. The conclusion is that U.S. business acquiscence in illegal immigration has become a selective labor subsidy that has contributed in the last two decades to distorted investment decisions, slower growth, and the proliferation of low-skill, low-productivity jobs in the U.S. labor market. (DJC)…
(1976). Mexico in the Study of Mexican Americans: An Analysis of Transnational Linkages.
Interrelationships between Mexican Americans living in the United States and natives living in Mexico are explored in this paper. It is intended as a resource to help teachers understand the complex processes and factors which contribute to the identity of Mexican Americans. One obvious relationship, or linkage, arises from the shared political boundary between the two countries. Immediate proximity has promoted easy physical migration and cultural and commercial interchange across the border. There is an historical linkage, exemplified by the Texas annexation of 1845, in which northern Mexico became the southwestern United States. Direct linkages exist in the form of immigration and widespread use of Spanish among Mexican-descent people in the United States. Indirect linkages arise from the Mexican American emphasis on maintaining family traditions and living near the extended family. Other indirect linkages are fostered through Mexican-American organizations and media such as…
(1990). Some Properties of Bilingual Maintenance and Loss in Mexican Background High School Students.
Properties of maintenance and loss of Spanish/English bilingualism were investigated in 308 high school students of Mexican background. Key variables investigated included: (1) actual and self-reported proficiencies in Spanish and English; (2) self-reported language choice behavior in various settings; and (3) language attitude. The biggest difference in Spanish proficiency was found between the student born in the United States of parents born in Mexico, and the student whose parents were born in the United States. Maintenance of Spanish proficiency was associated mainly with adult language practice in the home, and was not predicted by the subjects' choice of language outside the home or by language attitude. In turn, adult language choice was found to be affected by the demographic fact of immigration, the adult's ability to use English in the home, and increasing distance in the familial social ties to Mexico. Outside the home, language choice showed rapid and constant shift… [PDF]
(1994). "Mexico in Transition." Curriculum Units.
These curriculum units were developed in a National Endowment for the Humanities 1994 summer seminar "Mexico in Transition." The 23 lessons are written in Spanish. Lessons are entitled: (1) "La Migracion Mexicana Vista a Traves del Cuento 'Paso del Norte' de Juan Rulfo" (Jose Jorge Armendariz); (2) "Los Grupos Indigenas de Mexico: Condiciones antes de y Despues de la Revolucion" (Suzanne Caldwell); (3) "Mexican Calendar Project" (Barbara A. Corbin; Shelley Schieffelin); (4) "Guatemalan Refugees in Mexico" (Kaela Marie Curtis); (5) "!Silencio en el Escenario!: A Look at the Mexican Revolution through Drama" (Jennifer Degenhardt); (6) "Zapata Rose in 1994" (Joe De Luca); (7) "Unidad Sobre los Mayas" (Nancy Duffner; Rae LaMarche; Lisa Stanziano); (8) "La Presencia Femenina en la Revolucion Mexicana del 1910 en el Corrido, el Cine, y la Novela" (Johnnie Eng); (9) "Un Cuento de Carlos Fuentes…
(1993). Mexican Labor in California's Economy: From Rapid Growth to Likely Stability. RAND Reprints.
Over the past 20 years, California has experienced a continuous, growing flow of Mexican immigrant laborers. Although Mexican labor was originally linked to agriculture, by 1980 Mexican-born labor was filling a substantial proportion of jobs in all sectors of the California economy, particularly in manufacturing. Because they are concentrated in lower-skilled occupations, Mexican immigrants as a group command lower wages and have higher unemployment rates than other immigrants and the native-born. Mexican immigrants to California originate mostly from the western Pacific region of Mexico. This immigrant flow is characterized by the increasing permanence of migrant stays north of the border, the steady educational gap between Mexican-born labor and the U.S.-born population, and the relatively low economic mobility of Mexican-born immigrants in the United States. California faces difficult policy challenges because of the relatively low level of schooling, low wages, and low economic… [PDF]